Ursa Major

UMa · genitive Ursae Majoris · northern sky

The Ursa Major figure as the IAU defines it, drawn looking south with east to the left — the orientation you see standing outside.

At a glance

Catalogued stars
214
Visible to the eye
214 stars
Brightest star
Alioth (1.76)
Best seen
March
Declination span
+31.5° to +63.1°
Nearest star
Groombridge 1830 · 29.7 ly

Visible from everywhere north of about 27°S.

When and where to look for Ursa Major

Ursa Major crosses the meridian — its highest point in the sky — at local midnight around March, which makes the months from February to April the easiest time to find it in the evening. It spans declinations +31.5° to +63.1°, so visible from everywhere north of about 27°S.

The quickest way to find it is to open the live AR sky map and point your phone at the sky — if Ursa Major is above your horizon right now, its figure is drawn in the position it genuinely occupies above you.

Brightest stars in Ursa Major

StarMagTypeDistance
Alioth77Eps UMa1.76A0p82.6 ly
Dubhe50Alp UMa1.81F7V comp122.9 ly
Alkaid85Eta UMa1.85B3V SB103.9 ly
Mizar79Zet UMa2.23A2V85.8 ly
Merak48Bet UMa2.34A1V79.7 ly
Phecda64Gam UMa2.41A0V SB83.2 ly

Magnitude runs backwards: lower numbers are brighter, and anything below about 6.5 is beyond the naked eye under a dark sky.

What Ursa Major is made of

The catalogue lists 214 stars within Ursa Major, of which 214 are magnitude 6.5 or brighter — the limit of what an unaided eye picks up under a genuinely dark sky. The rest need binoculars or a telescope.

Spectral make-up

B4
A62
F36
G34
K63
M14

Spectral class is a temperature ordering, running from O at around 30,000 K down to M below 3,500 K. A constellation is a direction, not a group, so this is simply what happens to lie along that line of sight.

The closest catalogued star in this direction is Groombridge 1830 at 29.7 light years. The most distant is HD 88651 at roughly 2,132 light years — stars that appear side by side here are nothing of the sort.

Nearby constellations